Yellow Discharge: Possible Causes and Risks

Yellow discharge - Does it indicate a serious illness?

Yellow discharge is a typical symptom that many women experiences. It can be a result of vaginal inflammation or infections, including sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in some cases. Yellow discharge is a common symptom that affect many women. If you experience yellow discharge with foul odor or itching, you should consult a doctor for an appropriate diagnosis and treatment since it can induce other diseases if left untreated.


Interesting facts about yellow discharge


Causes of yellow discharge

Causes of yellow discharge

Yellow discharge before a period can be caused by food or hormonal changes. These yellow discharges are considered normal if it is minimal without a foul odor or itching.

It is regarded as abnormal yellow discharge if you also experience other symptoms including burning sensation, itching, fishy-smelling vaginal discharge, pelvic pain, or painful urination. Depending on the characteristics of vaginal discharge or other symptoms, the causes could be different. 

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Characteristics of yellow discharge

Unpleasant-smelling yellow discharge

Unpleasant-smelling yellow discharge is abnormal and could be the result of a STI or vaginal imbalance. You should visit a doctor for a more thorough examination if you have these symptoms.


Clear, slightly yellow discharge without any smell and itching

This is the normal condition for a woman’s vagina. It is not harmful, and visiting a doctor is not necessary. However, it is recommended to keep an eye on symptoms and visit a doctor for a more thorough examination if you have a lot of vaginal discharge and other symptoms.


Odorless yellow discharge with itching

Yellow discharge with itching is not normal and it is generally a sign of a vaginal yeast infection, imbalance, or dryness. If you have these symptoms, you should see a doctor for a more thorough examination.

Yellow clumpy discharge

Yellow clumpy discharge can indicate a vaginal yeast infection, vaginal imbalance, or a STI. You should visit a doctor for a more thorough examination if you have these symptoms.


Dark yellow discharge

Dark yellow discharge may not always indicate an abnormality. On the other hand, an imbalance in the vagina or a sexually transmitted virus could be the cause if it differs from your regular discharge or has a greenish color. If you have dark yellow discharge, you should see a doctor for a more thorough examination.


Yellow discharge with burning sensation

Yellowish discharge with vaginal burning is not normal and it is generally a sign of a vaginal imbalance or a STI. If you have these symptoms, you should see a doctor for a more thorough examination.


Diagnosis and Treatment for Vaginal Discharge Click!

Which illnesses may cause a yellow discharge?

Vaginal candidiasis (Vaginal yeast infection)

Vaginal yeast infection often leads to a thick, curdy, white or yellow vaginal discharge with increased amount. A red rash surrounding the genital may also be present, along with a itching or burning sensation in the vagina. 

Candida albicans are part of the normal vaginal flora. Despite having the potential to spread sexually, they are not regarded as a sexually transmitted disease (STD). These species may, however, cause illnesses if they are triggered by certain conditions, such as moisture, vaginal douching, pregnancy, prolonged antibiotic use, sexual activity, stress, etc.

Bacterial vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis

An unusual odor and increased greenish-gray vaginal discharge are common signs of bacterial vaginosis. However, in some cases, it can result in a yellow discharge. Additionally, in severe cases, patients may have a strong fishy-smelling vaginal discharge.

Bacterial vaginosis is caused by an imbalance balance or overgrowth of the normal bacteria in the vagina which triggered the disease or abnormal vaginal inflammation. They are not, however, regarded as a STD.


Like vaginal candidiasis
, it can be
caused by moisture, vaginal douching,
pregnancy, prolonged antibiotic use,
sexual activity, stress, etc.


Gonorrhea

In addition to producing a lot of pus-like white or yellow vaginal discharge, gonorrhea in women can also cause painful urination and lower abdomen pain. However, most infected women either show very vague symptoms or no symptoms. Therefore, you should get additional testing from urine or vaginal discharge if you are at risk for any STD.


Untreated gonorrhea can lead to
chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, 
endometritis, and infertility, etc.


Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis

Common symptoms of Trichomoniasis include a lot of yellow or green, frothy vaginal discharge, foul-smelling, itching or burning sensation in the vagina.

There may be bleeding after sexual activity, and a red, painful cervix could be found on the pelvic exam.


Cervical cancer

Women with cervical cancer may experience an abnormal vaginal discharge that is foul-smelling and yellow, pink, brown or bloody in color. 

Cervical cancer is a common cancer in women. It is caused by an infection with certain high-risk types of HPV and is regarded as a STD.


The common signs of cervical cancer are
abnormal vaginal bleeding , bleeding after
intercourse, abnormal vaginal discharge, and
lower abdominal pain. 

Yellow discharge during pregnancy

Yellow discharge during pregnancy

Yello discharge during pregnancy can be caused by hormonal changes or infection, especially if it is thick and has an unpleasant odor.

  1. Excessive vaginal discharge requiring the use of sanitary pads

  2. Unpleasant odor, itching and burning sensation 

  3. Lower abdominal pain

  4. Painful urination

  5. Bloody vaginal discharge

  See a doctor immediately if you experience these symptoms, as certain infections may lead to premature labor. A doctor’s checkup is advised if you are pregnant and unsure if your vaginal discharge is abnormal.


Does yellow discharge indicate a serious illness?

Does yellow discharge indicate a serious illness?

Although yellow discharge is harmless in some cases, depending on its cause, it can be dangerous and have long-term effects on a woman’s health.

1. Yellow discharge from cervical cancer

  • Cervical cancer is a serious and potentially fatal disease if left untreated and progresses.

2. Yellow discharge from yeast or bacterial infection

  • Although symptoms may not be life-threatening, they can worsen and become more disruptive to everyday activities.

3. Yellow discharge from STDs

  • Endometritis and pelvic inflammatory disease: Symptoms become more severe and challenging to treat when the infection extends to the uterus and ovaries.

  • Urethritis: It results in a painful urination and may spread to the renal pelvis and infect the kidneys.

  • Infertility: It is caused by chronic inflammation of the uterus and ovaries, which interferes with egg production and embryo implantation.

  • It often leads to serious long-term side effects if left untreated.


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Medications and treatment method for yellow discharge

Although the best course of treatment depends on its underlying causes, such as disease or pathogens, antibiotics are typically used to treat yellow discharge. If the medications used don’t address the underlying causes of the yellow discharge, the condition won’t totally improve. Therefore, if you have abnormal vaginal discharge, you should get a pelvic exam for a thorough diagnosis and treatment.


Self-care for yellow discharge includes
maintaining proper personal hygiene and avoiding
vaginal douching. Additionally, you should see
a doctor if your symptoms do not improve or worsen.

 


References

  • RTCOG Clinical Practice Guideline on the Management of Abnormal Vaginal Discharge in Reproductive-Aged Women, 2022, Royal Thai College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.


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Composer: Nattawadee Sriborisut, MD
  Last edited : 24/09/2024
  Images may be used without prior permission exclusively for educational or informational purposes, as long as proper credit is given to intouchmedicare.com

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